You can, indeed. Simply right-click on an image and select "Search AliExpress By Image" to use it.
While finding a specific product on AliExpress, you've got to keep in mind:
Yes, using Image Search, customers can take a picture of an item they want to buy or utilize an image that already exists from their camera roll. Then, for users to make purchases, AliExpress will provide listings that are close matches or visually comparable.